Architectural Styles in Eaton Corner

<strong>The Cape Cod style - </strong>
This simple and charming style of house is a snug, 1.5 storey frame structure with a pitched roof. At first, fireplaces were the only source of heat, with the low winter sun adding warmth to the front rooms. The entrance would be on the side under the roof slope. A full Cape has a door in the centre flanked by two windows on either side, and was usually 30 x 40 ft. A three-quarter Cape has two windows on one side of the door and one on the other.
<strong>The Alger Ho A Cape style house was anchored to the ground by a large chimney opposite the front door and emerging through the ridge line of the roof. The chimney dictated the placement of the rooms, and the location and pitch of the stairs. Upstairs, the space under the eaves was used for sleeping. The stairs were steep. The only natural light upstairs came from the gable windows. The house seen in this photo was built in 1863 for Mr. and Mrs. Asa Alger who moved here when their son took over their farm. This house is <strong>The Foss House -</strong> The main framing members in a Cape house were large hand-hewn timbers held together with mortise and tenon joints. Walls were constructed of heavy planking clad with clapboards or shingles. The inside walls were covered with plaster. Sash windows with small panes were usually 9 over 6, 12 over 8, or 12 over 12. The replacement of brick and stone fireplaces and ovens with metal stoves transformed the interior design of these houses. 
The Foss House (above) was built in the <strong><em>Neoclassical style -</em></strong>
The Neoclassical style found in Eaton Corner is  influenced by American building fashions. Like the Cape style, this style also features a straight gable roof (with an average pitch of 45 degrees, with a low kneewall), a gallery with separate roof, symmetrically aligned doors and windows, and four windows on the gable wall. Notice the ell on the house pictured here, which has been extended at a right angle to the house, the porches (with pillars), and the whit <strong><em>Greek Revival architecture - </em></strong>
This style became popular in New England in the 1820s, often influencing the style of religious and institutional buildings. Pediments, friezes and pilasters were blended with the features of traditional colonial houses to create new styles. Usually, homes built in this style have the main entrance set to one side at the gable end, flanked by windows. Compton County Museum consists of two historic buildings -- the former church pictured here, and the The heavily pilastered treatment of the front door of Eaton Corner's former Congregationalist Church is typical of the Greek Revival style. (Photo - CCHMS) Among Compton County Museum's many decorative elements are the highly unusual heart-shaped motifs on the pilasters. (Photo - CCHMS) Built in 1827, the Greek Revival-style Eaton Academy provided education beyond the elementary level, which previously would have been available only in New England. It later became a model school for training teachers. More recently, the academy served as the town hall for Eaton Township, and is now used by the historical society for displaying parts of its collection and for administrative offices.
(Photo - Matthew Farfan) <strong><em>Loggia style -</em></strong>
Loggia houses have a second floor extending over the front door, with the extension creating a gallery on the ground floor. They also feature a recessed upstairs porch or balcony. The building style reflects the Greek Revival movement and appeared in Vermont and New Hampshire from 1830 to 1850. The Loggia houses in Eaton Corner show the same general characteristics: a rectangular plan, 1½ storeys, a two-pitched roof, and the main entry at the gable end. Overhanging The appearance of the Loggia style in the Eastern Townships is explained by the origin of the area's first settlers, many of whom came from the more developed southern part of New England and settled at first in northern Vermont and New Hampshire. At the beginning of the 19th century, when they saw an opportunity to acquire land in Canada, they did not hesitate to cross the border and settle in a region which seemed to them to be a simple extension of their own country. On the American side, Loggia houses w Built c.1860, this restored house is thought to be among the oldest houses in Eaton Corner. It was first owned by Moses Lebourveau, who was born in 1817. Built in the Loggia style, the house features traditional door and window frame trim, 9 over 9 pane windows, and an ell at the back. (Photo - CCHMS) Dating to before 1860, this house was also built in the Loggia style. Notice the gallery created by the extension of the upper floor, the door with panels on the right wall, and the entryway on the gable wall. The house has sheltered many families over the years, including Henry Lowry and his wife, Cora Pope, whose son Chilston Lowry, who still lives in Eaton Corner, has been a woodsman all his life. The Lowrys were a very musical family, with fiddlers, piano players, harmonica players, and accordionists am

Eaton Corner is one of the oldest settlements in the Eastern Townships of Quebec. Settlement began in the 1790s. Both Loyalists and Patriots from the United States were the first non-native settlers in the Townships. They had been each other's enemies a few years before, but in the Townships they prospered together.

Eaton Corner and its surrounding countryside have remained essentially unchanged for over a hundred and fifty years. All but two of the village's thirty buildings were constructed in the 1800s. Four of them have been classified as historic sites.

larger_1_view_from_210.jpgFrom the viewpoint on Route 210 (between Birchton and Eaton Corner), the valley spreading out below and the mountains rising in the distance look much as they did more than 200 years ago when settlers first came to this part of the Eastern Townships.

You can see in the distance the mountains marking the border with Maine. In clear weather, you can see Mount Megantic and its observatory, and Mount Gosford, the highest peak in the Eastern Townships.

The village of Eaton Corner is nestled in the valley of the Eaton River. As you descend into Eaton Corner from Route 210, the heart of the village lies to the right on Route 253, the old Craig Road from Quebec City to the border.

larger_img_0353.jpgThe rolling terrain, well wooded and crossed by streams and rivers, must have been familiar and appealing to the early settlers from New England as they came north on foot in search of new land and new opportunities. The American immigrants applied their culture and their knowledge as they cleared the land, built their homes, created an economic base, and developed their new social and religious communities.

There were no competing influences other than a dwindling population of Abenaki and Iroquois predecessors. The early settlers left their mark on the cultural landscape with the buildings they constructed, the villages they created, and the roads that connected them to each other and to the larger world.

larger_4_rural_landscape1.jpgMost of the existing houses in Eaton Corner were built between 1820 and 1900. Some are among the oldest in the region. From the beginning, there was an unmistakable American influence in the homes that were built here starting in the early 1800s.

Settlers built their permanent homes in the American style, which is basically a house with a gabled roof with two slopes, clapboard siding, and sash windows.

Variations found in Eaton Corner include the Cape style home, the unusual “loggia” style, and the neoclassical style. Two institutional buildings (a church and a school) are built in the Greek Revival style. Throughout the village, wood clapboard is used, with the exception of one brick house.

The Cape, Neoclassical, and Loggia styles are similar to houses in Vermont and New Hampshire, especially in the Connecticut River valley...

For a tour of the building styles used in Eaton Corner, click on the photos in the carousel at the top right of this page.

larger_5_denis_eaton_corner.jpgSources:
Bergeron Gagnon inc., Inventaire du patrimoine bâti, Municipalités de Cookshire-Eaton, Dudswell, East Angus et Weedon. Rapport synthèse, CLD du Haut-Saint-François.

Doris Doane, Boston, A Book of Cape Cod Houses, 2007 (2nd printing).

Danielle Ménard, Réal Léveillé, Étude historique, ethnologique et architecturale, Canton Eaton, 1984.

Monique Nadeau-Saumier, Research for the Compton County Historical Museum Society.

Danielle Pigeon, Robert Lemire, Les Maisons à loggia des Cantons de l’Est, un heritage à préserver, Conseil des arts et des lettres Québec, 2010.

Julie Pomerleau, Dominic Provost, Bergeron Gagnon inc., Bien restaurer et aménager sa maison ancienne, Guide destine aux propiétaires du Haut-St-François, 2007.

Sharron Rothney (for the Compton County Historical Museum Society), Eaton Corner, 1992.

Author:
Jackie Hyman